UPMC Liver Cancer Center

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Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus. The virus is usually found in stool (bowel movement).

Hepatitis A infections generally clear up, without treatment, within two to five weeks.

Causes of hepatitis A

Hepatitis A is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV).

It is spread by:

  • putting something in your mouth that has been contaminated with HAV
  • eating food contaminated by HAV, especially if it has not been properly cooked
  • drinking water contaminated by raw sewage
  • eating raw or partially cooked shellfish contaminated by raw sewage
  • having sexual contact (particularly anal sex) with a partner infected with HAV

HAV is generally not spread by casual contact, such as you would encounter in school, the office, or at a public event.

Risk factors of hepatitis A

A risk factor is something that increases your chance of getting a disease or condition.

While the virus can affect anyone in the United States, there are certain risk factors that increase your chances of getting hepatitis A, including:

  • having close contact with an infected person
  • using household items that were used by an infected person, but were not properly cleaned
  • having sexual contact with multiple partners
  • traveling to, or spending long periods in, a country where hepatitis A is common or where sanitation is poor
  • injecting drugs, especially if you use shared needles
  • swallowing contaminated water or ice made with contaminated water
  • eating raw shellfish harvested from sewage-contaminated water
  • eating fruits, vegetables, or other food that may have become contaminated during handling

People at risk include:

  • child care workers who change diapers or toilet train children
  • children in day care centers
  • institutionalized patients
  • hemophiliacs receiving plasma products

To schedule an appointment, or for more information, call the UPMC Liver Cancer Center, toll-free, at 1-855-74-LIVER or complete our contact form now.


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