Gum biopsy
A gum biopsy
is a surgery in which a small piece of gingival (gum) tissue is removed for examination.
Alternative Names
Biopsy - gingiva (gums)
How the test is performed
A painkiller is sprayed into the mouth in the area of the abnormal gum tissue. You may also have an injection of numbing medicine. A small piece of gum tissue is removed and checked for problems in the lab.
How to prepare for the test
You may be told not to eat for a few hours before the biopsy.
How the test will feel
The painkiller put in your mouth should numb the area during the procedure. You may feel some tugging or pressure. If there is bleeding, the blood vessels may be sealed off with an electric current or laser. This is called electrocauterization
. After the numbness wears off, the area may be sore for a few days.
Why the test is performed
This test is done to look for the cause of abnormal gum tissue.
Normal Values
This test is only done when gum tissue looks abnormal.
What abnormal results mean
What the risks are
- Bleeding from the biopsy site
- Infection of the gums
- Soreness
Special considerations
Avoid brushing the area where the biopsy was performed for 1 week.
References
Otolaryngol Clin North Am.
Updated: 3/22/2013
Ashutosh Kacker, MD, BS, Associate Professor of Otolaryngology, Weill Cornell Medical College, and Associate Attending Otolaryngologist, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by A.D.A.M. Health Solutions, Ebix, Inc., Editorial Team: David Zieve, MD, MHA, Bethanne Black, Stephanie Slon, and Nissi Wang.