​Vaginal Cancer

What is Vaginal Cancer?

Vaginal cancer forms in the tissues that line the vagina.

Types of Vaginal Cancer

The following represent the most common types of vaginal cancer.

Squamous cell carcinoma

• Cancer that occurs in the squamous cells that line the bottom surface of the vagina.
• This is the most common type of vaginal cancer.

Adenocarcinoma

Cancer that develops in the glands that line the vagina.

Who's at Risk for Vaginal Cancer?

Certain factors may increase your risk of developing vaginal cancer, including:

• Age over 60
• A diagnosis of human papillomavirus (HPV)
• A previous history of cervical cancer
• Exposure to Diethylstilbestrol (DES) in the womb*

*DES was given to women in the 1950s as a hormonal drug to prevent miscarriage. Women who were exposed to this medication in the womb have a higher chance of developing adenocarcinoma.

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Symptoms of Vaginal Cancer

Talk to your doctor if you notice any of the following symptoms:

• Abnormal vaginal bleeding
• Pain during intercourse
• Pain in the pelvic area
• A lump in the vagina

Testing for and Diagnosing Vaginal Cancer

Specialists at the Magee-Womens Gynecologic Cancer Program use a variety of tests to diagnose and screen for uterine and endometrial cancers, including:

• Pelvic exams
• CT (computed tomography) scans
• MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)
• Ultrasound (sonography)

Vaginal Cancer Treatment at the Magee-Womens Gynecologic Cancer Program

If you're diagnosed with vaginal cancer, your treatment will depend on the following factors:

• Your age
• The size of your tumor
• The stage of your cancer
• Other medical conditions

Your doctors and other specialists at the Magee-Womens Gynecologic Cancer Program will work with you to consider your options and determine a course of action.

Treatment Options for Vaginal Cancer

Treatment for vaginal cancer typically includes:

• A combination of chemotherapy and radiation therapy
• Only radiation therapy

Surgery to treat vaginal cancer also may be an option, depending on your age and ability to tolerate a surgical procedure.

Your doctor will consider these factors when recommending a treatment plan.

Comprehensive Gynecologic Cancer Care

As a patient of the Gynecologic Cancer Program, you have access to additional treatment options and services, including:

• Clinical trials
• Integrative, holistic medicine
• Fertility preservation
• Supportive care for you and your family